第3节课详细教学内容-英语基础提升

Part 1：复习与听写（15分钟）

目标：巩固上节课的人称代词与单词，为新课热身。

📋 复习任务

任务 1：单词听写老师读单词，学生写出英文和中文。

任务 2：代词快速问答老师说出中文（如“我的”，“他”），学生快速说出英文。

任务 3：句子翻译口头翻译简单的代词句子。

🎧 听写参考内容

代词听写：I, me, my, you, your, he, him, his, she, her, it, its, we, us, our, they, them, their

句子翻译：
1. 她是我的朋友。 (She is my friend.)
2. 这是他们的书。 (This is their book.)
3. 我喜欢它。 (I like it.)

Part 2：一般现在时肯定句（25分钟）

目标：理解一般现在时的核心含义，能运用 I/you/we/they + 动词原形造句。

🔤 一般现在时的用法

表示经常性或习惯性的动作：
I get up at 7:00 every day. 我每天七点起床。
表示客观事实或普遍真理：
The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。

常见标志词：
every day (每天), always (总是), usually (通常), often (经常), sometimes (有时), never (从不)
看到这些词，大概率是一般现在时！

🔤 核心规则：I / you / we / they + 动词原形

I like music. 我喜欢音乐。
You play soccer. 你踢足球。
We study English together. 我们一起学英语。
They watch TV on weekends. 他们周末看电视。

📝 练习一：连词成句（注意动词形态）

1. often / I / English / read / .

I often read English.

2. to school / walk / they / every day / .

They walk to school every day.

3. we / in the morning / breakfast / have / .

We have breakfast in the morning.

4. like / you / music / .

You like music.

📝 练习二：用一般现在时造句（I/we/they为主语）

1. (我经常打篮球)

I often play basketball.

2. (我们每天做作业)

We do homework every day.

3. (他们有时去公园)

They sometimes go to the park.

Part 3：三单变化（25分钟）

目标：熟练掌握第三人称单数(he/she/it)后的动词变化规则。这是初中英语最大的难点！

🔤 核心规则：he / she / it 后，动词加 s！

口诀：he, she, it 是三单，动词后面 s 添。

1. 一般直接加 s：
play → plays, like → likes, read → reads

2. 以 s, x, sh, ch, o 结尾，加 es：
go → goes, watch → watches, wash → washes

3. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 es：
study → studies, fly → flies, cry → cries

4. 特殊变化，死记硬背：
have → has

📝 练习一：写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式（10个）

原形	三单	原形	三单
1. like	likes	6. brush	brushes
2. go	goes	7. do	does
3. study	studies	8. have	has
4. play	plays	9. watch	watches
5. eat	eats	10. cry	cries

📝 练习二：用动词的正确形式填空（8题）

1. He _____ (go) to work by car.

goes

2. My sister _____ (study) very hard.

studies

3. Tom _____ (have) a nice bike.

has

4. The cat _____ (like) sleeping.

likes

5. They _____ (play) games every weekend. (注意主语！)

play

6. She always _____ (watch) TV after dinner.

watches

7. Mike _____ (do) his homework at 7:00.

does

8. I _____ (read) books, and she _____ (read) books too.

read; reads

Part 4：否定与疑问（15分钟）

目标：学会借助助动词 do / does 变否定句和疑问句。

🔤 否定句与一般疑问句

最强口诀：does 来了，s 跑了！（助动词后面一律用动词原形）

否定句：主语 + don't / doesn't + 动词原形
I don't like apples. / He doesn't like apples.

一般疑问句：Do / Does + 主语 + 动词原形?
Do you like apples? / Does he like apples?

🔤 特殊疑问句 (Wh- questions)

What (什么), Where (哪里), When / What time (什么时候), How (怎样)
特殊疑问词 + do/does + 主语 + 动词原形?
Where do you live?
What does she want?

📝 练习一：把句子改为否定句（6题）

1. We go to school every day.

We don't go to school every day.

2. She likes swimming.

She doesn't like swimming. (like去s)

3. Tom has a sister.

Tom doesn't have a sister. (has变have)

4. I speak English well.

I don't speak English well.

5. He plays basketball.

He doesn't play basketball. (play去s)

6. They study art.

They don't study art.

📝 练习二：把句子改为一般疑问句（5题）

1. You like music.

Do you like music?

2. He walks to school.

Does he walk to school? (walk去s)

3. They do homework in the evening. (注意有两个do)

Do they do homework in the evening?

4. Mary speaks Chinese.

Does Mary speak Chinese? (speak去s)

5. It eats meat.

Does it eat meat? (eat去s)

📝 练习三：根据划线部分写出特殊疑问句（4题）

1. I get up at 7:00.

What time / When do you get up?

2. He lives in Beijing.

Where does he live?

3. She wants an apple.

What does she want?

4. They go to school by bus.

How do they go to school?

Part 5：综合练习（30分钟）

目标：综合运用所学知识，提高一般现在时的综合解题能力。

📝 综合练习一：单项选择（10题）

1. My mother _____ dinner for us every day.
A. cook B. cooks C. cooking

B

2. _____ you often _____ books in the library?
A. Do, read B. Does, read C. Do, reads

A

3. She _____ like sports.
A. don't B. isn't C. doesn't

C

4. He _____ a computer.
A. have B. has C. haves

B

5. What time _____ your father _____ to work?
A. do, go B. does, goes C. does, go

C

6. We _____ to school by bus.
A. go B. goes C. going

A

7. The earth _____ around the sun.
A. go B. goes C. is going

B

8. _____ they have a car? No, they _____.
A. Do, don't B. Does, doesn't C. Do, aren't

A

9. It _____ rain a lot here in winter.
A. don't B. doesn't C. isn't

B

10. My friends _____ English very well.
A. speak B. speaks C. speaking

A

📝 综合练习二：改错题（5题，每题有一处错误）

1. She don't like playing tennis.

don't 改为 doesn't

2. He carrys his bag to school.

carrys 改为 carries

3. Does she likes singing?

likes 改为 like (助动词后用原形)

4. My brother have a new bike.

have 改为 has

5. They goes to the park on Sundays.

goes 改为 go

Part 6：总结与作业（10分钟）

巩固所学，布置课后训练任务。

📋 课后作业要求

1. 记忆任务：背熟三单变化规则及句型转换规则，背诵词汇表。

2. 写作练习：写一篇不少于5句话的小作文，描述你的好朋友的一天。要求使用一般现在时，注意三单变化。

3. 综合巩固练习：完成下方的三组作业题（单选、句型转换、翻译），涵盖本节课的所有核心考点。

📝 作业一：单项选择（5题）

1. Tom usually _____ to school early.
A. go B. goes C. going

B

2. _____ your parents like watching TV?
A. Do B. Does C. Are

A

3. Mary _____ have a bike.
A. don't B. doesn't C. isn't

B

4. Where _____ he live?
A. is B. do C. does

C

5. They _____ play soccer on Mondays.
A. never B. always doesn't C. isn't

A

📝 作业二：按要求改写句子（5题）

1. He plays football every day. (改为否定句)

He doesn't play football every day.

2. They go to the park. (改为一般疑问句)

Do they go to the park?

3. She reads a book in the evening. (改为一般疑问句)

Does she read a book in the evening?

4. I get up at six o'clock. (对划线部分提问)

What time / When do you get up?

5. He likes apples. (对划线部分提问)

What does he like?

📝 作业三：翻译句子（5句）

1. 我每天学习英语。

I study English every day.

2. 他的哥哥不喜欢打篮球。

His brother doesn't like playing basketball.

3. 她每天几点吃早餐？

What time does she have breakfast every day?

4. 我们的老师总是帮助我们。

Our teacher always helps us.

5. 你们周末去公园吗？

Do you go to the park on weekends?

第 3 节课核心词汇表（20 词）

一般现在时常见动词及频度副词。

🔊 always

总是

🔊 usually

通常

🔊 often

经常

🔊 sometimes

有时

🔊 never

从不

🔊 every

每一个

🔊 like

喜欢

🔊 have / has

有，吃

🔊 go / goes

去

🔊 play / plays

玩，打球

🔊 study / studies

学习

🔊 watch / watches

看(电视)

🔊 read / reads

读

🔊 eat / eats

吃

🔊 do / does

做，助动词

🔊 speak / speaks

说

🔊 what

什么

🔊 where

哪里

🔊 when

什么时候

🔊 time

时间